From 30ab45dc35dbbb2ee349d2553ce4dda52729f317 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: brianb Date: Sat, 12 Feb 2000 23:51:37 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] Initial revision --- COPYING | 340 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ COPYING.LIB | 481 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ HACKERS | 128 +++++++++++ README | 26 +++ src/Makefile | 13 ++ src/extras/Makefile | 16 ++ src/extras/dump.c | 39 ++++ src/include/mdbtools.h | 76 +++++++ src/libmdb/Makefile | 15 ++ src/libmdb/catalog.c | 108 +++++++++ src/libmdb/file.c | 103 +++++++++ src/libmdb/kkd.c | 140 ++++++++++++ src/libmdb/mem.c | 37 ++++ src/util/Makefile | 18 ++ src/util/prcat.c | 45 ++++ 15 files changed, 1585 insertions(+) create mode 100644 COPYING create mode 100755 COPYING.LIB create mode 100644 HACKERS create mode 100644 README create mode 100644 src/Makefile create mode 100644 src/extras/Makefile create mode 100644 src/extras/dump.c create mode 100644 src/include/mdbtools.h create mode 100644 src/libmdb/Makefile create mode 100644 src/libmdb/catalog.c create mode 100644 src/libmdb/file.c create mode 100644 src/libmdb/kkd.c create mode 100644 src/libmdb/mem.c create mode 100644 src/util/Makefile create mode 100644 src/util/prcat.c diff --git a/COPYING b/COPYING new file mode 100644 index 0000000..eeb586b --- /dev/null +++ b/COPYING @@ -0,0 +1,340 @@ + GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE + Version 2, June 1991 + + Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA + Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies + of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. + + Preamble + + The licenses for most software are designed to take away your +freedom to share and change it. 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See the GNU + Library General Public License for more details. + + You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public + License along with this library; if not, write to the Free + Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. + +Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. + +You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your +school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the library, if +necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names: + + Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the + library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker. + + , 1 April 1990 + Ty Coon, President of Vice + +That's all there is to it! diff --git a/HACKERS b/HACKERS new file mode 100644 index 0000000..dd6738d --- /dev/null +++ b/HACKERS @@ -0,0 +1,128 @@ +Ok, this is a brain-dump of everything I've learned about MDB files. I'm am +using Access 97, so everything I say applies to that and maybe or maybe not +other versions. + +Right, so here goes: + +Note: It appears that much of the data in the pages is unitialized garbage. +This makes the task of figuring out the format a bit more challenging. + +Pages +----- + +MDB files are a set of pages. These pages are 2K (2048 bytes) in size, so in a +hex dump of the data they start on adreeses like xxx000 and xxx800. + +The first byte of each page seems to be a type indentifier for instance the +first page in the mdb file is 0x00, which no other pages seems to share. Other +pages have values of 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04 though the exact meaning of these +is currently a mystery. (0x04 seems to be data I guess). + +The second byte is always 0x01 as far as I can tell. + +At some point in the file the page layout is apparently abandoned though the +very last 2K in the file again looks like a valid page. The purpose of this +non-paged region is so far unknown . + +Bytes after the first and second seemed to depend on the type of page, although bytes 4-7 seem to indicate a page type of some sort. 02 00 00 00 is found on all catalog pages. + +Pages seem to have two parts, a header and a data portion. The header starts +at the front of the page and builds up. The data is packed to the end of the +page. This means the last byte of the data portion is the last byte of the +page. + +Byte Order +---------- + +All offsets to data within the file are in little endian (intel) order + +Catalogs +-------- + +So far the first page of the catalog has always been seen at 0x9000 bytes into +the file. It is unclear whether this is always where it occurs, or whether a +pointer to this location exists elsewhere. + +The header to the catalog page(s) start look something like this: + ++------+---------+--------------------------------------------------------+ +| 0x01 | 1 byte | Page type | +| 0x01 | 1 byte | Unknown | +| ???? | 2 bytes | A pointer of unknown use into the page | +| 0x02 | 1 byte | Unknown | +| 0x00 | 3 bytes | Possibly part of a 32 bit int including the 0x02 above | +| ???? | 2 bytes | a 16bit int of the number of records on this page | ++-------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +| Iterate for the number of records | ++-------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +| ???? | 2 bytes | offset to the records location on this page | ++-------------------------------------------------------------------------+ + +The rest of the data is packed to the end of the page, such that the last +record ends on byte 2047 (0 based). + +Some of the offsets are not within the bounds of the page. The reason for this +is not presently understood and the current code discards them silently. + +Little is understood of the meaning of the bytes that make up the records. They +vary in size, but portion prior to the objects name seems to be fixed. All +records start with a '0x11' and have a sequential number in the second byte +(disregarding system tables which share values and with other gaps). The best +way to explain this is the run the 'prcatalogs' table and look at the results. + +Byte offset 9 from the beginning of the record contains it's type. Here is a +table of known types: + +0x00 Form +0x01 User Table +0x02 Macro +0x03 System Table +0x04 Report +0x05 Query +0x06 Linked Table +0x07 Module +0x0b Unknown but used for two objects (AccessLayout and UserDefined) + +Byte offset 31 from the begining of the record starts the object's name. I am +not presently aware of any field defining the length of the name, so the present +course of action has been to stop at the first non-printable character +(generally a 0x03 or 0x02) + +After the name there is sometimes have (not yet determined why only sometimes) +a page pointer and offset to the KKD records (see below). There is also pointer to other catalog pages, but I'm not really sure how to parse those. + +KKD Records +----------- + +Table definitions look to be stored in 'KKD' records (my name for them...they +always start with 'KKD\0'). Again these reside on pages, packed to the end of +the page. + +They look a little like this: (this needs work...see the kkd.c) + +'K' 'K' 'D' 0x00 +16 bit length value (this includes the length) +0x00 0x00 +0x80 0x00 (0x80 seems to indicate a header) +Then one of more of: 16 bit length field and a value of that size. +For instance: +0x0d 0x00 and 'AccessVersion' (AccessVersion is 13 bytes, 0x0d 0x00 intel order) + +Next comes one of more rows of data. (column names, descriptions, etc...) +16 bit length value (this includes the length) +0x00 0x00 +0x00 0x00 + 16bit length field (this include the length itself) + 4 bytes of unknown purpose + 16 bit length field (non-inclusive) + value (07.53 for the AccessVersion example above) + +See kkd.c for an examples, although it needs cleanup. + +Futures +------- + +Near term, I'd like to be able to pull the definitions for user tables out of +the MDB file and into a MySQL/Postgresql/Sybase/Oracle/DB2/etc... and then +populate the data across in one clean automated process. + diff --git a/README b/README new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f5053d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/README @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +This is mdbtools version 0.001 + +This software is very, very pre-pre-pre-pre-alpha (did I make my point?), so +unless you know C and probably a little something about databases and reverse +engineering file formats, you're welcome to try it out but don't expect much if anything to work. + +For the rest of you, read the HACKERS file for a description of where the code +stands and what has been gleened of the file format. + +The initial goal of these tools is to be able to extract data structures and +data from mdb files. This goal may of course expand over time as the file +format becomes more well understood (if it ever does). + +To install type 'make' and hope it works :-) + +This will build three executables: + +mdb-dump -- a simple hex dump utility that I've been using to look at mdb files +prcat -- print the catalog table from an mdb file (try offset 9000). +prkkd -- prints some info about a KKD record given the offset to it. + +If you're interested in digging into the project let me know, and I'll try to get a mailing list together. + +Brian Bruns +camber@ais.org + diff --git a/src/Makefile b/src/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7a9b31a --- /dev/null +++ b/src/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ + +DIRS = extras libmdb util + +all: + cd libmdb; make + cd util; make + cd extras; make + +clean: + cd extras; make clean + cd util; make clean + cd libmdb; make clean + diff --git a/src/extras/Makefile b/src/extras/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 0000000..80aafd1 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/extras/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ + +CC = gcc + +PROGS = mdb-dump +OBJS = dump.o + +all: $(PROGS) + +clean: + rm -f core *.o $(PROGS) + +mdb-dump: dump.o + $(CC) -g -o $@ $< + +.c.o: + $(CC) -g -c $< diff --git a/src/extras/dump.c b/src/extras/dump.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000..92ebf60 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/extras/dump.c @@ -0,0 +1,39 @@ +/* utility program to make a hex dump of a binary file (such as a mdb file) */ +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include + +int main(int argc, char **argv) +{ + long i=0; + int j; + unsigned char data[17]; + FILE *in; + int length; + + in = fopen(argv[1],"r"); + while (length = fread(data,1,16,in)) { + fprintf(stdout, "%06x ", i); + i+=length; + + for(j=0; j +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include + +#define MDB_PGSIZE 2048 +#define MDB_MAX_OBJ_NAME 30 +#define MDB_CATALOG_PG 18 + +enum { + MDB_FORM = 0, + MDB_TABLE, + MDB_MACRO, + MDB_SYSTEM_TABLE, + MDB_REPORT, + MDB_QUERY, + MDB_LINKED_TABLE, + MDB_MODULE, + MDB_UNKNOWN_08, + MDB_UNKNOWN_09, + MDB_UNKNOWN_0A, + MDB_UNKNOWN_0B +}; + +typedef struct { + int fd; + char *filename; + unsigned long cur_pg; + unsigned int row_num; + unsigned int cur_pos; + unsigned char pg_buf[MDB_PGSIZE]; + int cur_cat_entry; +} MDB_HANDLE; + +typedef struct { + char object_name[MDB_MAX_OBJ_NAME+1]; + int object_type; + unsigned long kkd_pg; + unsigned int kkd_rowid; +} MDB_CATALOG_ENTRY; + +extern MDB_HANDLE *mdb_alloc_handle(); +extern void mdb_free_handle(MDB_HANDLE *mdb); +extern size_t mdb_read_pg(MDB_HANDLE *mdb, unsigned long pg); +extern int mdb_get_int16(MDB_HANDLE *mdb, int offset); +extern long mdb_get_int32(MDB_HANDLE *mdb, int offset); +extern MDB_HANDLE *mdb_open(char *filename); +extern void mdb_catalog_dump(MDB_HANDLE *mdb, int obj_type); +extern int mdb_catalog_rows(MDB_HANDLE *mdb); +extern MDB_CATALOG_ENTRY *mdb_get_catalog_entry(MDB_HANDLE *mdb, int rowid, MDB_CATALOG_ENTRY *entry); +#endif /* _mdbtools_h_ */ diff --git a/src/libmdb/Makefile b/src/libmdb/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e3a27d1 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/libmdb/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ + +CC = gcc + +INC = -I ../include +OBJS = catalog.o mem.o file.o + +all: libmdb + +libmdb: $(OBJS) + ar cq libmdb.a $(OBJS) +clean: + rm -f core *.o *.a + +.c.o: + $(CC) -g -c $< $(INC) diff --git a/src/libmdb/catalog.c b/src/libmdb/catalog.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5bad0b2 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/libmdb/catalog.c @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ +/* MDB Tools - A library for reading MS Access database file + * Copyright (C) 2000 Brian Bruns + * + * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or + * modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public + * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either + * version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. + * + * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, + * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of + * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU + * Library General Public License for more details. + * + * You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public + * License along with this library; if not, write to the + * Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, + * Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. + */ + +#include "mdbtools.h" + +char *mdb_get_objtype_string(int obj_type) +{ +static char *type_name[] = {"Form", + "Table", + "Macro", + "System Table", + "Report", + "Query", + "Linked Table", + "Module", + "Unknown 0x08", + "Unknown 0x09", + "Unknown 0x0a", + "Unknown 0x0b" + }; + + if (obj_type > 11) { + return NULL; + } else { + return type_name[obj_type]; + } +} + +MDB_CATALOG_ENTRY *mdb_catalog_entry(MDB_HANDLE *mdb, int rowid, MDB_CATALOG_ENTRY *entry) +{ +int offset; +int rows; +int i,j; + + rows = mdb_get_int16(mdb, 8); + + if (rowid < 0 || rowid > rows) return NULL; + + offset = mdb_get_int16(mdb, 10 + 2 * rowid); + /* + ** ??? this happens, don't know what it means + */ + if (offset & 0xF000) return NULL; + +/* +for (j=offset;jpg_buf[j]); +fprintf(stdout,"\n"); +*/ + + memset(entry, '\0', sizeof(MDB_CATALOG_ENTRY)); + entry->object_type = mdb->pg_buf[offset+0x09]; + j=0; + for (i=offset+31;isprint(mdb->pg_buf[i]);i++) { + if (j<=MDB_MAX_OBJ_NAME) { + entry->object_name[j++]=mdb->pg_buf[i]; + } + } + entry->object_name[j] = '\0'; + entry->kkd_pg = mdb_get_int16(mdb,offset+31+strlen(entry->object_name)+7); + entry->kkd_rowid = mdb->pg_buf[offset+31+strlen(entry->object_name)+6]; + + return entry; +} +int mdb_catalog_rows(MDB_HANDLE *mdb) +{ + return mdb_get_int16(mdb, 0x08); +} +void mdb_catalog_dump(MDB_HANDLE *mdb, int obj_type) +{ +int off, save_pos; +int rows; +int i,j; +unsigned char *buf; +MDB_CATALOG_ENTRY entry; + + mdb_read_pg(mdb, MDB_CATALOG_PG); + rows = mdb_catalog_rows(mdb); + + for (i=0;ifilename = (char *) malloc(strlen(filename)+1); + strcpy(mdb->filename, filename); + mdb->fd = open(filename,O_RDONLY); + + if (mdb->fd==-1) { + fprintf(stderr,"Couldn't open file %s\n",filename); + return NULL; + } + + return mdb; +} + +/* +** mdb_read a wrapper for read that bails if anything is wrong +*/ +size_t mdb_read_pg(MDB_HANDLE *mdb, unsigned long pg) +{ +size_t len; +off_t offset = pg * MDB_PGSIZE; +struct stat status; + + fstat(mdb->fd, &status); + if (status.st_size < offset) { + fprintf(stderr,"offset %lu is beyond EOF\n",offset); + return 0; + } + lseek(mdb->fd, offset, SEEK_SET); + len = read(mdb->fd,mdb->pg_buf,MDB_PGSIZE); + if (len==-1) { + perror("read"); + return 0; + } + else if (len MDB_PGSIZE) return -1; + c = &mdb->pg_buf[offset]; + i = c[1]*256+c[0]; + + mdb->cur_pos+=2; + return i; + +} +long mdb_get_int32(MDB_HANDLE *mdb, int offset) +{ +long l; +unsigned char *c; + + if (offset <0 || offset+4 > MDB_PGSIZE) return -1; + c = &mdb->pg_buf[offset]; + l =c[3]; l<<=8; + l+=c[2]; l<<=8; + l+=c[1]; l<<=8; + l+=c[0]; + + mdb->cur_pos+=4; + return l; +} +int mdb_set_pos(MDB_HANDLE *mdb, int pos) +{ + if (pos<0 || pos >= MDB_PGSIZE) return 0; + + mdb->cur_pos=pos; + return pos; +} +int mdb_get_pos(MDB_HANDLE *mdb) +{ + return mdb->cur_pos; +} diff --git a/src/libmdb/kkd.c b/src/libmdb/kkd.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000..90e0c2e --- /dev/null +++ b/src/libmdb/kkd.c @@ -0,0 +1,140 @@ +/* MDB Tools - A library for reading MS Access database file + * Copyright (C) 2000 Brian Bruns + * + * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or + * modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public + * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either + * version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. + * + * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, + * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of + * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU + * Library General Public License for more details. + * + * You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public + * License along with this library; if not, write to the + * Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, + * Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. + */ + +#include "mdbtools.h" + + +/* +** Note: This code is mostly garbage right now...just a test to parse out the +** KKD structures. +*/ + +void mdb_kkd_dump(MDB_HANDLE *mdb, int rowid) +{ +int rows; +int kkd_start, kkd_end; +int i, j, tmp, pos, row_type, hdrpos=0, datapos=0; +int len; +int col_type, col_num, val_len; +int start; +unsigned char c; + + rows = mdb_get_int16(mdb,8); + fprintf(stdout,"number of rows = %d\n",rows); + kkd_start = mdb_get_int16(mdb,10+rowid*2); + fprintf(stdout,"kkd start = %d %04x\n",kkd_start,kkd_start); + kkd_end = MDB_PGSIZE; + for (i=0;ikkd_start && + tmppg_buf[pos+i]); + fprintf(stdout,"\n"); + pos += tmp; + } + } + if (datapos) { + fprintf(stdout,"\n data\n"); + fprintf(stdout,"-------\n"); + len = mdb_get_int16(mdb,datapos); + pos = datapos + 6; + while (pos < datapos+len) { + start = pos; + tmp = mdb_get_int16(mdb,pos); /* length of field */ + pos += 2; + col_type = mdb_get_int16(mdb,pos); /* ??? */ + pos += 2; + col_num = 0; + if (col_type) { + col_num = mdb_get_int16(mdb,pos); + pos += 2; + } + val_len = mdb_get_int16(mdb,pos); + pos += 2; + fprintf(stdout,"length = %3d %04x %2d %2d ",tmp, col_type, col_num, val_len); + for (i=0;ipg_buf[pos+i]; + if (isprint(c)) + fprintf(stdout," %c",c); + else + fprintf(stdout," %02x",c); + + } + fprintf(stdout,"\n"); + pos = start + tmp; + } + } +} +main(int argc, char **argv) +{ +int rows; +int i; +unsigned char buf[2048]; +MDB_HANDLE *mdb; +MDB_CATALOG_ENTRY entry; + + + if (argc<2) { + fprintf(stderr,"Usage: prtable \n"); + exit(1); + } + + mdb = mdb_open(argv[1]); + + mdb_read_pg(mdb, MDB_CATALOG_PG); + rows = mdb_catalog_rows(mdb); + + for (i=0;ifilename) free(mdb->filename); + free(mdb); +} diff --git a/src/util/Makefile b/src/util/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5db5ca6 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/util/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ + +CC = gcc + +INC = -I ../include +LIBS = -L ../libmdb -lmdb +PROGS = prcat +PRCATOBJS = prcat.o + +all: $(PROGS) + +prcat: $(PRCATOBJS) + $(CC) -g -o $@ $(PRCATOBJS) $(LIBS) + +clean: + rm -f core *.o $(PROGS) + +.c.o: + $(CC) -g -c $< $(INC) diff --git a/src/util/prcat.c b/src/util/prcat.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9a5a8d9 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/util/prcat.c @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ +/* MDB Tools - A library for reading MS Access database file + * Copyright (C) 2000 Brian Bruns + * + * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or + * modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public + * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either + * version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. + * + * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, + * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of + * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU + * Library General Public License for more details. + * + * You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public + * License along with this library; if not, write to the + * Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, + * Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. + */ + +#include "mdbtools.h" + +main(int argc, char **argv) +{ +off_t offset=0; +int fd, i, j; +char xdigit; +short digit; +struct stat status; +int rows, cur, off; +unsigned char buf[2048]; +MDB_HANDLE *mdb; + + + if (argc<2) { + fprintf(stderr,"Usage: prcat []\n"); + exit(1); + } + + mdb = mdb_open(argv[1]); + + mdb_catalog_dump(mdb,(argc > 2) ? atoi(argv[2]) : MDB_TABLE); + + mdb_free_handle(mdb); +} +